The Romanov dynasty was the last imperial dynasty to rule Russia, reigning from 1613 until the Russian Revolution in 1917. Founded by Michael Romanov, the dynasty oversaw significant events in Russian history, including territorial expansion, the establishment of a centralized state, and cultural developments. The Romanovs are perhaps best known for their final ruler, Nicholas II, who faced immense challenges during his reign, including World War I and internal strife. The dynasty ended tragically when Nicholas II and his family were executed by Bolsheviks, marking a dramatic shift in Russian governance and society.