Romanian politics operates within a parliamentary republic framework, where the President serves as the head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government. The Parliament of Romania is bicameral, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Political parties play a significant role, with major parties including the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the National Liberal Party (PNL). Elections are held every four years, and Romania is a member of the European Union, which influences its political landscape. Key issues often include economic development, corruption, and the rule of law, reflecting the country's ongoing transition since the fall of communism in 1989.