The Roman-Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Roman Empire and the Sassanian Empire from the 3rd to the 7th centuries AD. These wars were primarily fought over territorial disputes and control of trade routes in the Middle East. Key battles included the Battle of Edessa and the Siege of Amida, which showcased the military strategies of both empires. These wars significantly influenced the political landscape of the region, leading to shifts in power and territorial boundaries. The prolonged conflicts weakened both empires, ultimately contributing to their vulnerability against emerging forces, such as the Arab conquests in the 7th century.