The Robben Island Museum is located on Robben Island, off the coast of Cape Town, South Africa. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its historical significance as a former prison where political prisoners, including Nelson Mandela, were held during the apartheid era. The museum showcases the island's history and the struggle for freedom in South Africa. Visitors to the museum can take guided tours that include the prison itself, where inmates lived under harsh conditions. The museum also features exhibitions that highlight the island's diverse history, including its use as a leper colony and military base.