Rinderpest is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals. Caused by the rinderpest virus, it leads to severe fever, diarrhea, and often death. The disease can spread rapidly among livestock, posing significant risks to agriculture and food security. Historically, rinderpest had devastating effects on livestock populations, particularly in Africa and Asia. Vaccination efforts in the 20th century significantly reduced its impact, and in 2011, the World Organisation for Animal Health declared rinderpest eradicated, marking a major achievement in veterinary medicine and animal health.