Rifabutin is an antibiotic medication primarily used to treat infections caused by certain bacteria, particularly in patients with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS. It is effective against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), which can cause serious infections in these individuals. This drug works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis, thereby preventing the bacteria from growing and multiplying. Rifabutin is often prescribed alongside other medications to enhance its effectiveness and reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential during treatment.