Ricinus communis, commonly known as the castor bean plant, is a flowering plant native to Africa and the Middle East. It is characterized by its large, palmate leaves and spiky seed pods, which contain seeds that are the source of castor oil. The plant can grow up to 10 meters tall and thrives in warm climates. The seeds of Ricinus communis contain ricin, a highly toxic protein that can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. Despite its toxicity, the oil extracted from the seeds is safe for use and has various applications, including medicinal and industrial uses.