Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the joints. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected areas. Over time, this condition can cause joint damage and loss of function. The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms often fluctuate, with periods of flare-ups and remission. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to manage the condition and improve quality of life.