Rh incompatibility occurs when a pregnant woman has a different Rh blood type than her fetus. If the mother is Rh-negative and the baby is Rh-positive, the mother's immune system may produce antibodies against the baby's red blood cells. This can lead to complications, especially in subsequent pregnancies. To prevent issues, doctors often give an injection of Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) to the mother during pregnancy and after delivery. This treatment helps prevent the mother's body from creating antibodies that could harm the baby. Regular monitoring and medical care can effectively manage Rh incompatibility.