Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are specialized neurons located in the retina of the eye. They receive visual information from photoreceptors, such as rods and cones, and transmit this information to the brain via their long axons, which form the optic nerve. RGCs play a crucial role in processing visual signals, including aspects like brightness, color, and motion. There are several types of retinal ganglion cells, each with distinct functions and properties. For example, some RGCs are responsible for detecting light intensity, while others are involved in color vision. The proper functioning of retinal ganglion cells is essential for clear vision and overall visual perception.