Respiratory regulation refers to the processes that control the rate and depth of breathing. This regulation is primarily managed by the brainstem, which includes the medulla oblongata and pons. These areas respond to changes in carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pH levels in the blood, ensuring that the body maintains proper gas exchange and homeostasis. Various factors influence respiratory regulation, including physical activity, emotional states, and environmental conditions. For instance, during exercise, the body requires more oxygen, prompting the respiratory system to increase breathing rate. Additionally, the chemoreceptors in the body detect changes in gas levels, providing feedback to adjust breathing accordingly.