The Republic of the Sudan, located in northeastern Africa, is the third-largest country on the continent. It shares borders with seven countries, including Egypt to the north and South Sudan to the south. The capital city is Khartoum, situated at the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers. Sudan has a diverse landscape that includes deserts, mountains, and fertile regions along the Nile. Sudan has a rich history, being home to ancient civilizations such as the Kushites. The country gained independence from British-Egyptian rule in 1956. Today, Sudan faces various challenges, including political instability and economic issues, but it remains a nation with a vibrant culture and heritage.