The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, often simply called Bosnia and Herzegovina, is a country located in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered by Croatia to the north and west, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast. The country has a diverse cultural heritage, influenced by its history and the presence of different ethnic groups, including Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. The capital city is Sarajevo, known for its historical significance and cultural diversity. Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized by its mountainous terrain and rich natural resources. The country operates as a parliamentary democracy and is divided into two main entities: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.