The Renaissance Movement was a cultural and intellectual revival that began in Italy during the 14th century and spread across Europe. It marked a renewed interest in the classical art, literature, and philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome. This period emphasized humanism, which focused on human potential and achievements, leading to advancements in various fields, including art, science, and literature. Key figures of the Renaissance included artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, who created iconic works that showcased human emotion and realism. The movement also saw the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg, which revolutionized the spread of knowledge and ideas, making literature more accessible to the public.