Remote work refers to a work arrangement where employees perform their job duties outside of a traditional office environment, often from home or other locations. This model has gained popularity due to advancements in technology, allowing for seamless communication and collaboration through tools like Zoom and Slack. The benefits of remote work include increased flexibility, reduced commuting time, and the ability to create a personalized work environment. However, it also presents challenges such as potential feelings of isolation and the need for self-discipline. Companies like GitLab and Automattic have successfully adopted this model, showcasing its viability.