The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by a linear divisor of the form x - c, the remainder of this division is equal to f(c). This means that you can find the remainder simply by substituting the value of c into the polynomial. For example, if you have a polynomial like f(x) = 2x^3 + 3x^2 - x + 5 and you want to divide it by x - 2, you can find the remainder by calculating f(2). This theorem simplifies polynomial division and helps in understanding the behavior of polynomials at specific points.