Refrigerator technology involves the use of a refrigeration cycle to keep food and beverages cold. This process typically uses a refrigerant, a fluid that absorbs heat from the interior of the refrigerator and releases it outside. The main components include a compressor, condenser, evaporator, and expansion valve, which work together to maintain a low temperature. Modern refrigerators often feature energy-efficient designs and advanced controls. Some models include smart technology that allows users to monitor and adjust settings remotely. Additionally, frost-free systems prevent ice buildup, while multi-zone cooling provides optimal storage conditions for different types of food.