Refrigeration technology is a process that removes heat from a designated area to lower its temperature. This is commonly achieved through systems that use refrigerants, which are substances that absorb and release heat as they change from liquid to gas and back. Refrigeration is essential in various applications, including food preservation, air conditioning, and industrial processes. The most common type of refrigeration system is the vapor-compression cycle, which involves a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. This technology is crucial for maintaining the freshness of perishable items and ensuring comfortable indoor environments, making it a vital part of modern life and industries like food storage and HVAC.