A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal and can result in the adoption of new laws or policies. This process allows citizens to express their opinions on significant issues, such as constitutional amendments or changes in government structure. In a referendum, voters typically choose between two or more options, often presented as "yes" or "no" responses. The outcome reflects the majority opinion of the electorate, making it a powerful tool for democratic decision-making. Examples of referendums include those held in Switzerland and California.