Recombination is a biological process that occurs during the formation of gametes, where genetic material is exchanged between paired chromosomes. This process increases genetic diversity in offspring, as it creates new combinations of genes that can be passed on to the next generation. In organisms like humans and fruit flies, recombination typically happens during meiosis, a type of cell division that produces sperm and egg cells. The exchange of genetic material can lead to variations in traits, which is essential for evolution and adaptation in changing environments.