Realignment Theory is a political concept that explains significant shifts in party systems and voter behavior, often occurring during critical elections. It suggests that these shifts can lead to the emergence of new political coalitions and the decline of existing ones, fundamentally altering the landscape of political power. This theory is often associated with major historical events, such as the New Deal era in the United States, which realigned voters and parties around issues like economic recovery and social welfare. Realignment can result from various factors, including demographic changes, economic crises, or social movements, reshaping political affiliations and priorities.