A Random Number Generator (RNG) is a system or algorithm designed to produce a sequence of numbers that lack any predictable pattern. RNGs are essential in various applications, including computer simulations, cryptography, and gaming, where randomness is crucial for fairness and security. They can be classified into two main types: true random number generators, which rely on physical processes, and pseudo-random number generators, which use mathematical formulas to generate numbers that appear random. In digital systems, pseudo-random number generators are more commonly used due to their speed and efficiency. These generators start with an initial value, known as a seed, and produce a sequence of numbers based on that seed. While the numbers generated are not truly random, they can be sufficiently unpredictable for most practical purposes, making them useful in applications like lottery systems and video games.