A random experiment is a process or action that leads to one or more outcomes, where the result cannot be predicted with certainty. Each time the experiment is conducted, it may yield different results, even under the same conditions. For example, tossing a coin is a random experiment because it can land on either heads or tails. In a random experiment, the set of all possible outcomes is called the sample space. Understanding random experiments is essential in fields like statistics and probability, as they help in analyzing and predicting patterns in uncertain situations.