Random error refers to the unpredictable variations that occur in measurements or observations. These errors can arise from various sources, such as environmental changes, instrument limitations, or human factors. Because they are random, they can lead to results that are either higher or lower than the true value, making it difficult to achieve consistent outcomes. Unlike systematic errors, which are consistent and predictable, random errors can be minimized but not completely eliminated. Researchers often use statistical methods to analyze data and account for these errors, ensuring that their findings are as accurate as possible. Understanding random error is essential in fields like science, engineering, and statistics.