Railway disasters refer to accidents involving trains that result in significant damage, injuries, or fatalities. These incidents can occur due to various factors, including human error, equipment failure, or adverse weather conditions. Notable examples include the Great Train Wreck of 1918 and the Santiago de Compostela derailment in 2013, which highlight the potential dangers of rail travel. The impact of railway disasters extends beyond immediate casualties, often leading to changes in safety regulations and operational procedures. Investigations typically follow such events to determine causes and prevent future occurrences. Improvements in technology and infrastructure have aimed to enhance the safety of rail systems worldwide.