Radical innovation refers to groundbreaking changes that significantly alter industries or create entirely new markets. Unlike incremental improvements, which enhance existing products or services, radical innovations introduce novel ideas, technologies, or processes that can disrupt the status quo. Examples include the invention of the internet or the development of smartphones, which transformed communication and information access. This type of innovation often requires substantial investment and risk, as it challenges established norms and practices. Companies that successfully implement radical innovations can gain a competitive advantage, but they must also navigate potential resistance from stakeholders accustomed to traditional methods.