Racialism is the belief that human races have distinct characteristics that can determine social behavior and abilities. It often emphasizes the idea that these differences justify unequal treatment or social hierarchies. Racialism can manifest in various forms, including stereotypes and prejudices, which can lead to discrimination against certain groups. Unlike racism, which typically involves a belief in the superiority of one race over others, racialism focuses more on the categorization of people based on perceived racial traits. This concept has been historically linked to movements and ideologies that promote segregation and inequality, impacting societies worldwide, including the United States and South Africa.