RNA modification refers to the chemical changes that occur in RNA molecules after they are transcribed from DNA. These modifications can include the addition of methyl groups or the conversion of specific nucleotides, which can influence the stability, localization, and translation of the RNA. Such changes are crucial for the proper functioning of genes and the overall regulation of cellular processes. One common type of RNA modification is methylation, where a methyl group is added to certain nucleotides. This process can affect how RNA interacts with proteins and other molecules, ultimately impacting gene expression. Other modifications, like pseudouridylation, can also play significant roles in the maturation and function of transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).