R. C. Deka is known for his contributions to the field of agriculture, particularly in the study of plant breeding and genetic improvement. His research focuses on enhancing crop yields and developing disease-resistant varieties, which are crucial for food security. Additionally, Deka has explored the impact of climate change on agricultural practices. His work emphasizes sustainable farming techniques that can help mitigate the adverse effects of changing weather patterns on crop production, ensuring that farmers can adapt to new challenges in their environment.