Röntgenstrahlung, or X-rays, are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than visible light. Discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895, they can penetrate various materials, making them useful in medical imaging and industrial applications. X-rays are produced when high-energy electrons collide with a metal target, releasing energy in the form of radiation. In medicine, X-rays help diagnose conditions by creating images of bones and internal organs. While beneficial, exposure to X-rays carries some risks, as they can damage living tissue. Therefore, their use is carefully controlled to minimize potential harm while maximizing diagnostic benefits.