Quantization is the process of transitioning from classical physics to quantum physics, where physical quantities are restricted to discrete values rather than continuous ones. This fundamental concept helps explain phenomena at the atomic and subatomic levels, where particles like electrons exhibit wave-particle duality and can exist in multiple states simultaneously. In practical terms, quantization allows us to understand and predict the behavior of systems in quantum mechanics, such as the energy levels of electrons in an atom. It is essential for technologies like quantum computing and semiconductors, which rely on these principles to function effectively.