QAM
QAM, or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, is a method used in telecommunications to transmit data efficiently. It combines two amplitude-modulated signals into a single channel, allowing for the transmission of multiple bits of information simultaneously. This technique is widely used in digital communication systems, such as Wi-Fi and digital television.
In QAM, the data is represented by varying both the amplitude and phase of the carrier wave. Different combinations of these variations create distinct symbols, each representing a specific set of bits. Higher-order QAM schemes can transmit more data but may require a better signal-to-noise ratio to maintain reliability.