Purification techniques are methods used to remove impurities or contaminants from substances, ensuring their quality and safety. Common techniques include filtration, which separates solids from liquids, and distillation, which separates components based on differences in boiling points. These methods are widely used in laboratories, industries, and even in everyday life, such as purifying drinking water. Another important purification technique is chromatography, which separates mixtures into their individual components by passing them through a medium. Electrophoresis is also used, particularly in biology, to separate molecules like DNA or proteins based on their size and charge. Each technique serves specific purposes across various fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science.