Pulmonary surgery is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on surgical procedures involving the lungs and other structures in the chest. This type of surgery is often performed to treat conditions such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and infections. Techniques can range from minimally invasive procedures, like video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), to more extensive operations, such as lung resections or transplants. Surgeons in this field, known as thoracic surgeons, work closely with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care for patients. Preoperative assessments, postoperative care, and rehabilitation are essential components of the treatment process, aimed at improving lung function and overall health.