The Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs is an international organization founded in 1957. It brings together scientists, scholars, and public figures to discuss global issues, particularly those related to peace and security. The conferences aim to promote dialogue and understanding among nations, especially concerning the dangers of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction. Named after the town of Pugwash, Nova Scotia, where the first conference was held, the organization has played a significant role in fostering collaboration between scientists and policymakers. It has contributed to various disarmament initiatives and has been recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1995 for its efforts in promoting peace.