The term "proteome" refers to the entire set of proteins that can be expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a specific time. It encompasses all the proteins produced, including their variations and modifications, which can change based on factors like development, environmental conditions, and disease states. Studying the proteome is essential for understanding biological processes and functions, as proteins play critical roles in nearly all cellular activities. Techniques such as mass spectrometry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis are commonly used to analyze and identify proteins within a proteome, providing insights into health and disease.