A protectorate is a territory that maintains its own government but is under the protection and control of a more powerful country. This arrangement allows the protectorate to retain some degree of autonomy while relying on the protecting nation for defense and foreign affairs. Historically, many countries, such as Britain and France, established protectorates to expand their influence without full annexation. The local rulers often remain in place, but they must follow the policies set by the protecting power, which can lead to conflicts over sovereignty and governance.