A protective covering is a layer or material that shields an object or surface from damage, wear, or environmental factors. This covering can be made from various materials, such as plastic, fabric, or metal, depending on the purpose and the level of protection required. For example, a phone case protects a smartphone from scratches and impacts. In nature, many organisms have protective coverings to help them survive. For instance, the shell of a turtle provides defense against predators, while the bark of a tree protects it from pests and harsh weather. These coverings play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and safety of the objects or organisms they encase.