The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was declared on August 17, 1945, marking the end of Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia. This declaration was made by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta, who became the first President and Vice President of Indonesia, respectively. The proclamation was a response to the power vacuum created by Japan's defeat in World War II. The text of the proclamation emphasized Indonesia's right to self-determination and sovereignty. It was read in Jakarta, and the event sparked a nationwide movement for independence, leading to a struggle against Dutch attempts to re-establish control. The proclamation is celebrated annually as Independence Day in Indonesia.