The "Princes in the Tower" refers to the two young sons of King Edward IV of England, Edward V and Richard, Duke of York. After their father's death in 1483, they were placed in the Tower of London for their protection. Their uncle, Richard III, was named protector but soon took control of the throne for himself. The princes disappeared under mysterious circumstances, and their fate remains unknown. Many theories suggest they were murdered, possibly on Richard III's orders, to eliminate any threats to his rule. The case has intrigued historians and remains a significant mystery in English history.