The Prince of Monaco is the head of state of the Principality of Monaco, a small, sovereign city-state located on the French Riviera. The current prince, Albert II, ascended to the throne in 2005 after the death of his father, Rainier III. The monarchy has a long history, dating back to the 13th century, and plays a significant role in the governance and cultural identity of Monaco. Monaco is known for its luxurious lifestyle, casinos, and the famous Monte Carlo district. The prince also represents Monaco in international affairs and is involved in various charitable activities, promoting environmental sustainability and sports.