Primary energy production refers to the generation of energy from natural resources before any conversion or transformation occurs. This includes energy derived from sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear, and renewable resources like solar, wind, and hydropower. These resources are extracted or harnessed directly from the environment and are essential for meeting the energy needs of societies. The primary energy produced is often measured in units like joules or megawatt-hours. It serves as the foundation for secondary energy production, where primary energy is converted into usable forms such as electricity or fuel. Understanding primary energy production is crucial for energy policy and sustainability efforts.