Preterm labor occurs when a pregnant woman begins to experience contractions and cervical changes before 37 weeks of pregnancy. This can lead to the birth of a baby that is considered preterm, which may result in various health complications for the newborn. Signs of preterm labor include regular contractions, lower back pain, and changes in vaginal discharge. If a woman suspects she is experiencing preterm labor, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Healthcare providers may perform tests to assess the situation and provide treatments to delay labor, such as medications or bed rest, to help ensure the baby has more time to develop.