Premolar teeth, also known as bicuspids, are located between the canine teeth and molars in the mouth. Adults typically have eight premolars, with two in each quadrant of the mouth. They have a flat surface with ridges, which helps in grinding and crushing food during chewing. Premolars play a crucial role in the overall function of the dental arch. They assist in the transition of food from the front teeth to the back teeth for further processing. Their unique shape and position make them essential for effective mastication and maintaining proper alignment of the jaw.