Prehistoric societies refer to human communities that existed before the advent of written records. These societies relied on hunting, gathering, and later, agriculture for their survival. They developed tools made from stone, bone, and wood, which helped them adapt to their environments. Social structures were often based on family groups or clans, and they communicated through spoken language and art. Archaeologists study artifacts, such as pottery and cave paintings, to learn about these early cultures. Notable prehistoric periods include the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic eras, each marked by significant advancements in technology and lifestyle. These developments laid the foundation for future civilizations.