The Posterior Tibial Artery is a major blood vessel in the lower leg that supplies oxygenated blood to the posterior compartment of the leg and the plantar surface of the foot. It branches off from the Popliteal Artery, which is located behind the knee, and travels down the leg, running alongside the Tibial Nerve. As it descends, the Posterior Tibial Artery gives off several smaller branches, including the Fibular Artery, which supplies blood to the lateral compartment of the leg. It eventually divides into the Medial Plantar Artery and the Lateral Plantar Artery, which provide blood to the foot, supporting its structure and function.