Post-socialist countries are nations that transitioned from a socialist or communist system to a more market-oriented economy after the fall of the Soviet Union in the late 20th century. This shift often involved significant political, economic, and social changes, as these countries sought to integrate into the global economy and adopt democratic governance. Examples of post-socialist countries include Poland, Hungary, and Czech Republic. These nations have experienced varying degrees of success in their transitions, facing challenges such as economic inequality, political instability, and the need for institutional reforms while striving for growth and development in a competitive global landscape.