Post-apartheid South Africa refers to the period following the end of the apartheid system in 1994, which was characterized by racial segregation and discrimination. The transition to democracy was marked by the election of Nelson Mandela as the first black president, symbolizing a new era of equality and human rights for all citizens. The new government focused on reconciliation and nation-building, aiming to address the injustices of the past. Since then, South Africa has made significant strides in promoting social and economic development. The Constitution adopted in 1996 is known for its strong emphasis on human rights. However, challenges such as economic inequality, high unemployment rates, and social unrest continue to affect the nation as it strives for a more inclusive society.