The Portuguese nobility refers to the social class of aristocrats in Portugal, historically holding significant power and influence. This class emerged during the Middle Ages, particularly after the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal in the 12th century. Nobles were often granted land and titles by the monarchy in exchange for military service and loyalty. Throughout the centuries, the Portuguese nobility played a crucial role in the country's politics, economy, and culture. They were involved in the exploration and colonization of territories, contributing to Portugal's status as a global maritime power during the Age of Discoveries. The nobility's influence began to decline in the 19th century with the rise of republicanism and social changes.