Population data refers to the statistical information that describes the characteristics of a specific group of people within a defined area. This data can include details such as the number of individuals, age distribution, gender ratios, and ethnic backgrounds. It is often collected through surveys, censuses, and administrative records, providing valuable insights for governments, researchers, and organizations. Analyzing population data helps in understanding trends and patterns, such as migration, urbanization, and demographic changes. This information is crucial for planning public services, allocating resources, and making informed decisions in areas like healthcare, education, and infrastructure development.